Many people take glucosamine and chondroitin in hopes of relieving their osteoarthritis symptoms. Until fairly recently however, these popular dietary supplements had not been tested in a large, well conducted clinical trial. Now preliminary results from a major government-sponsored study have cast doubt on their effectiveness.
Glucosamine is a component of human cartilage, the rubbery tissue that protects the ends of bones in a joint. The glucosamine used in dietary supplements is typically derived from crab shells. Proponents of glucosamine supplements believe the substance can protect and repair the cartilage in our joints.
Chondroitin as another component of cartilage. It helps to retain water and keep the cartilage flexible. The chondroitin used in supplements comes from the cartilage of pigs or cattle.
Supplements of glucosamine and chondroitin may be taken individually or in combination. A typical dosage is 1500 mg of glucosamine and 1200 mg of chondroitin sulfate per day. Symptom improvement, if it occurs, usually is not apparent for at least four to eight weeks. So far, glucosamine and chondroitin had not shown any significant side effects. But people allergic to shellfish should not take glucosamine.
Many people with osteoarthritis are convinced that glucosamine and chondroitin relieve pain and stiffness, especially in the knees. But studies of the supplements have yielded mixed results. Some have shown a benefit, whereas others found no difference between the supplements and a placebo. Nearly all the early studies have had flaws and limitations, making it difficult to judge the true merits of either substance.
The glucosamine- chondroitin story is not over. Researchers are awaiting results from more studies. In the meantime, specialists emphasize that weight loss and regular exercise provide the best chance for relief from the symptoms of knee osteoarthritis.
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